ESTROGEN PLUS 6 MIX Kompozitna formula kod smanjenog nivoa estrogena

ESTROGEN PLUS 6 MIX Kompozitna formula kod smanjenog nivoa estrogena

ESTROGEN PLUS 6 MIX Kompozitna formula kod smanjenog nivoa estrogena

Kompozitna formula kod primarno smanjene funkcije jajnika
Formula composita ad Hypofunctio ovarii primaria

ESTROGREN PLUS 6 MIX sadrži u 100 mL:
25 mL Pimpinella anisum, fructus siccis Ø;
15 mL Foeniculum vulgare, semen siccis Ø;
15 mL Salvia officinalis, herba recentis Ø;
15 mL Trifolium pratense, flos recentis Ø;
15 mL Trigonella foenumgraecum, semen siccis Ø;
15 mL Viscum album, herba recentis Ø;
Rukom rađene matične tinkture po Ph. Française.
Pomaže kod smanjene funkcije jajnika (E28.3).

E28.3
Primarno smanjena funkcija jajnika, Hypofunctio ovarii primaria
ICD-10: E28.39
Short Description: Other primary ovarian failure
Long Description: Other primary ovarian failure
This is the 2018 version of the ICD-10-CM diagnosis code E28.39
Valid for Submission
The code E28.39 is valid for submission for HIPAA-covered transactions.
Code Classification
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00–E90)
Disorders of other endocrine glands (E20-E35)
Ovarian dysfunction (E28)

E28.3 Primary ovarian failure
Decreased estrogen
Premature menopause NOS
Resistant ovary syndrome
Excludes: menopausal and female climacteric states ( N95.1 )
pure gonadal dysgenesis ( Q99.1 )
Turner’s syndrome ( Q96.- )

 

HYPOESTROGENISM
estrogen deficiency, estrogen deprivation

A lower than normal level of estrogen which is the primary sex hormone in women.
Show full description
Diagnoses Female
Related Diagnoses: Obesity Premature ovarian failure Hypogonadism Amenorrhoea Uterine fibroids Pelvic adhesions
– About Hypoestrogenism
– Impact on fertility
– Prevention
Symptoms
Therapies
Self therapy
Conventional medicine
Assisted reproduction
About Hypoestrogenism
Hypoestrogenism, or estrogen deficiency, refers to a lower than normal level of estrogen, the primary sex hormone in women. In general, lower levels of estrogen may cause differences in the breasts, genitals, and skin.

Estrogen levels varies with woman’s age (Tab. 1). The average value is about 150 pg/ml. In case of 10-20 pg/ml we speak about low leves of estrogen.

Lower levels of estrogen are typical and physiological in postmenopausal women. In young women hypoestrogenism is related to pathological backround. Endocrine factors such as gonadal, adrenal and pituitary hormones are responsible for regulation of estrogen levels. In cases of any hypothalamic- pituitary insufficiency or disruption (functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, anorexia nervosa, Kallmann syndrome, hyperprolactinemia), ovarian failure (gonadal dysgenesis, premature ovarian failure), type 1 diabetes melllitus, and iatrogenic treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy), hypoestrogenism is very common. For young women’s health, it may have short-term (hot flushes, sexual dysfunction) and long-term negative consequences (osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, cognitive deterioration).

Also, there is a congenital form of hypoestrogenism. Congenital estrogen deficiency is a genetic condition by which the body is unable to produce or use estrogens. Conditions include aromatase deficiency, which is a condition where the enzyme aromatase is absent and androgens (usually a steroid hormone, that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of male characteristics) are not converted to estrogens. The second one is estrogen insensitivity syndrome, a condition where the estrogen receptor is defective and estrogen are not biologically active.

Hypoestrogenism influences skeletal system, cardivascular system and mental health:

Skeletal system

Estogen promote osteoblastic activity and production of bone matrix, and in addition, are responsible for the growth spurt that often occurs during adolescence. It also promotes the conversion of the epiphyseal plate to the epiphyseal line (i.e., cartilage to its bony remnant), thus bringing an end to the longitudinal growth of bones. Impairment of peak bone mass achievement, decresion of bone mass density and increased risk of bone fracture are consequences of hypoestrogenism in young women.

Hypoestrogenism in postmenopausal are associated with osteoporosis which leads to higher risk of pathological fractures.

Cardiovascular system

Cardiovascular system is threatened by endotelian (an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall) dysfunction and abnormal lipid profile.

Mental health

Hypoestrogenism is associated with mental disorders such as depressive mood, anxiety and sexual dysfunction. Estrogen has been proposed to act as a neuroprotectant (substance which preservate the neuronal structure and/or function) at several levels. In addition, estrogen deprivation is likely to initiate or enhance degenerative changes caused by oxidative stress (an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system’s ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage), and to reduce the brain’s ability to maintain synaptic connectivity and cholinergic integrity leading to the cognitive decline seen in aged and disease-afflicted individuals. There is sufficient evidence that estradiol is a powerful neuroprotectant which might have use against Alzheimer’s disease (AD), stroke and Parkinson’s disease both in women and men.

Diagnosis of hypoestrogenism is simple. The only thing which is neccessary is blood from which the serum is separeted. The level of estrogen is than examinated from the serum in special laboratories.

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogen can be used to treat hypoestrogenism both in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Associated diseases

premature ovarian silure (POF)
anorexia nervosa
Kallmann syndrome
amenorrhea
hyperprolactinemia
type 1 diabetes mellitus
Complications

Hypoestrogenism is considered one of the major risk factors for developing uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in postmenopausal women who do not take hormone replacement therapy.

Risk factors
Hypoestrogenism is associated with the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues in treatment of endometriosis.
Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a commonly used form of contraception. It leads to hypoestrogenism which causes dryness of the vagina and dyspareunia (painful sexual intercourse).

Impact on fertility
Hypoestrogenism caused by functional hypothalamic-pituitary disturbance have consequences for reproductive health. Hypothalamus produces gonadotropin-releasing hormone and it’s job is to regulate the levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). FSH and LH are hormones, which are secrete from pituitary gland. FSH stimulates the growth and recruitment of immature ovarian follicles in the ovary and an acute rise of LH triggers ovulation and development of the corpus luteum (a temporary endocrine structure in female ovaries which produces progesterone and moderate the levels of estrogen). A disruption between hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis leads to anovulation due to neurohormonal backround. An anovulatory cycle is a menstrual cycle during which the ovaries do not release an oocyte. If ovulation does not take place then of course pregnancy becomes impossible.
There is also a lack of cyclical changes of estradiol (one of estrogen hormones) which leads to persistance of proliferative phase of endometrium. The disturbance during puberty causes primary amenorrhea (menstruation cycles never starting). In primary amenorrhea there is no enough hormones in body to produce a monthly period and also there is no enough hormon levels which induce ovulation. Again without ovulation women became unable to became pregnant naturally.
In postpubertal girls and women hypoestrogenism causes secundary amenorrhea (menstruation cycles ceasing). The level of hormones sometimes dropped and period or ovulation will not ocure. In these cases, there is still posibility to concieve a child, but it depends on frequency of spontaneous ovulation.

Prevention
Hypoestrogenism can be prevented by hormonal replacement therapy (HRT), but prescription and dosage has to be determined by the doctors.

Symptoms
Presentations of low estrogen levels include hot flashes, headaches, lowered libido, and breast atrophy. Reduced bone density leading to secondary osteoporosis and atrophic changes such as pH change in the vagina is also linked to hypoestrogenism.
Low levels of estrogen can lead to dyspareunia and limited genital arousal because of changes in the four layers of the vaginal wall.
Very often the hypoestrogenism is diagnosed due to more often fractures caused by osteoporosis.

Therapies
Self therapy
Some food may help to increased the levels of estrogen naturally. This food contain phytoestrogens, which have estrogenic effect and can soften the symptoms.

Vegetables and fruits

broccoli
green beans
winter squash
garlic
cassava
Seed and grains

flaxseed
sesame
Legume and nuts

soybean
pistachio
cashews
chestnuts
hazelnuts
Herbs

Black Cohosh
Spearmint
Licorice
Red Clover
Ginko Biloba

Conventional medicine
Pharmacotherapy
Estrogen (hormonal) Replacement Therapy (HRT)
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogen can be used to treat hypoestrogenism both in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Estrogen Replacement Therapy (HRT) is a kind of hormone replacement therapy. Its goal is to mitigate discomfort caused by diminished circulating estrogen after menopause. The National Institutes of Health (one of the world’s largest medical research centers) found disparate results for all cause mortality with hormone replacement, finding it to be lower when HRT was begun earlier, between age 50-59, but higher when begun after age 60. In older patients, there was an increased incidence of breast cancer, heart attacks and stroke, although a reduced incidence of colorectal cancer and bone fracture. The Women’s Health Initiative recommended that women with non-surgical menopause take the lowest feasible dose of HRT for the shortest possible time to minimize associated risks.

Surgical therapy
There is no surgical therapy for this condition.
Assisted reproduction
If conservative medical treatments fail to achieve a full term pregnancy, the physician may suggest the patient undergo in vitro fertilization (IVF). IVF and ART generally start with stimulating the ovaries to increase egg production. Most fertility medications are agents that stimulate the development of follicles in the ovary. After stimulation, the physician surgically extracts one or more eggs from the ovary, and unites them with sperm in a laboratory setting, with the intent of producing one or more embryos. Fertilization takes place outside the body, and the fertilized egg is reinserted into the woman’s reproductive tract, in a procedure called embryo transfer.

 

Trigonella foenum-graecum
(Fenugreek)Fabaceae
Parts Used: dried ripe seeds
Constituents: steroidal saponins, mucilage (polysaccharides), alkaloids (trigonelline)
Actions: demulcent, hypoglcaemic, hypocholesterolaemic, hypolipidaemic, anti-inflammatory, laxative, nutritive, orexigenic, galactagogue
Topical: emollient
Indications: diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, dyspepsia, gastristis, GI inflammation, anorexia, convalescence
Topical: boils, wounds, ulcers, eczema
C/I: saponins may aggravate gastro-oesophageal reflux, may cause curry body odour
Dosage: 1:2 15-30 mL/wk

Viscum album (mistletoe)
Loranthaceae
Parts used: young leafy twigs
Constituents: glycoproteins (lectins), cardioactive polypeptide (viscotoxin), lignans
Actions: hypotensive, peripheral vasodilator, mild sedative
Indications: hypertension, angina, arteriosclerosis, nervous tachycardia, hypertensive headache
Pharm:
* lignans: cardiotonic
* choline derivative: hypotensive via PΣ stimulation and vasodilation
Dosage: 1:2 20-40 mL/wk

Salvia officinalis (sage)
Lamiaceae
Parts used: leaf
Constituents: volatile oil (thujone, camphor), diterpene bitters (carnosol), flavonoids
Actions: antimicrobial, choleretic, detoxifier, oestrogenic, emmenagogue, astringent, spasmolytic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cholinesterase-inhibiting, persperation-inhibiting, decreases breast mil, sedative (?), pancreatic stimulant (D&L)
Indications: inflammation of mucous membranes of mouth and throat, dyspepsia, excessive perspiration, menopausal problems, amenorrhoea, Alzheimer’s disease (mild-moderate)
Pharm:
* carnosol: ↑ phase I biotransformation
* clinical trials:
– Alzheimer’s disease improved cognitive function
– improved mood, alertness and cognitive performance
– elderly over 6 hours: improved cognitive function, enhancement of memory, improved accuracy of attention
– hyperhydrosis: reduced sweating
* in vivo essential oils inhibited bone resorption
C/I: pregnancy
Dosage: 1:2 30 mL/wk

Trifolium pratense (red clover)
Family: Fabaceae
Parts used: flowers
Constituents: isoflavones (biochanin A, genistein, daidzein, formononetin)
Actions: depurative, anti-tumour
Indications: chronic skin conditions (dermatitis, eczema), glandular conditions, adjunct in cancer treatment
Topical: growths, swellings, cancers (e.g. breast)
Pharm:
* no benefit over placebo in menopause symptoms
* trials: bone density, coronary vascular disease (arterial elasticity)
* oestrogen-like effect in vitro on breast cancer cells
Dosage: 1:2 20-40 mL/week

Foeniculum vulgare mill
Part used Dried fruit
Active consituent Essential oil
Main actions Carminative, spasmolytic and galactagogue
Body system GIT and reproductive
Indications Dyspeptic, belching, heartburn, infantile colic and suppressed lactation
Contraindications Allergy

Family Apiaceae
Part used Fruit (seed)
Active constituents E.oil, flavonoids, protein & minerals (Ca & K)
Actions Carminative, galactagogue, antimicrobial
Indications Chronic digestive problems, bloating, flatulence, poor lactation, anorexia
Combinations Dyspepsia with wormwood, caraway and peppermint
Colic with lemon balm, chamomile, vervain, liquorice
Qualities Warm & dry
Safety / Cautions Known allergy
Dosage 20-40mL of 1:2 FE/week Dry herb: 1-3g/day

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