Piskavica (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

Piskavica (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

 

BILJNI PREPARATI PISKAVICE: Piskavica (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) 

TINKTURA, PISKAVICA HSS, hidroetanolni tečni ekstrakt sušenog semena DER 1:5 (Ph.Eur.),

MATIČNA TINKTURA, PISKAVICA TM, hidroetanolni tečni ekstrakt sušenog semena DER 1:10 (Ph.Fra).

Trigonella foenum-graecum tinctura 1:5 (Ph.Eur.),

Trigonella foenum-graecum extractum ethanolicum liquidum DER 1:10 (Ph.Fra).

Pre upotrebe se konsultovati sa vašim izabranim lekarom i/ ili farmaceutom.

Preparati piskavice su namenjeni ženskoj lepoti,

BILJNI PREPARATI PISKAVICE: Piskavica (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) 

TINKTURA, PISKAVICA HSS, hidroetanolni tečni ekstrakt sušenog semena DER 1:5 (Ph.Eur.),

MATIČNA TINKTURA, PISKAVICA TM, hidroetanolni tečni ekstrakt sušenog semena DER 1:10 (Ph.Fra).

Trigonella foenum-graecum tinctura 1:5 (Ph.Eur.),

Trigonella foenum-graecum extractum ethanolicum liquidum DER 1:10 (Ph.Fra).

Pre upotrebe se konsultovati sa vašim izabranim lekarom i/ ili farmaceutom.

 

ATC: A15 – Stimulansi apetita (Appetite stimulants)

 

 

U skladu sa:

1)  Based on Article 16d(1), Article 16f and Article 16h of Directive 2001/83/EC as amended (traditional use) DIRECTIVE 2004/24/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 31 March 2004;

2 ) European pharmacopoeia 5.0: FENUGREEC, 01/2005:1323 Trigonelae foenugraeci semen;

3 ) European Medicines Agency, London, 27 January 2011, EMA/HMPC/146221/2010, Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC): Community herbal monograph on Trigonella foenumgraecum L., semen;

4) European Medicines Agency, London, 27 January 2011, EMA/HMPC/146220/2010, Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC): Assessment report on Trigonella foenum-graecum L., semen;

5) Fr. Ph. 1998 ANSM: Trigonella foenum-graecum ad praeparationes homoeopathicas 

(FOENUM GRAECUM POUR PRÉPARATIONS HOMÉOPATHIQUES),

Pharmacopée française: Foenum graecum PPH (1998);

6) Monographie: Fenugreek – Oral.

 

a) Trigonella foenum-graecum L., fructus (Foenum graecum the dried, ripe, mature seed) method 1.1.10 (2371).

Trigonella foenum-graecum L., selon la technique générale de préparation des teintures mères (voir la monographie Préparations homéopathiques (1038) et la Précision complémentaire de l’Autorité française de Pharmacopée).

Trigonella foenum-graecum (Foenum graecum) extractum ethanolicum liquidum.

Biljni preparati u tečnom obliku (nerazblaženi ili razblaženi) za oralnu i lokalnu upotrebu.

 

Sastav:

a) tečni ekstrakt (DER 1:10), ekstrakcioni rastvarač etanol 65% (v/v),

b) tečni ekstrakt (DER 1:5), ekstrakcioni rastvarač etanol 65% (v/v),

Trigonella foenum-graecum, sadrži 351 istraženih hemijskih jedinjenja koja ispoljavaju 731 dejstava (podaci ažurirani jula 2017.). 

Sadržaj:

a) minimalno 0,027% m/m arginina u obliku DL-arginina (MF: C6H14N4O2, MW: 174,20096 g/mol−1),

b) u većoj koncentraciji sadrži diosgenin, neotigogenin, behenic-acid, cystine, gitogenin, methionine, mucilage, phenols, proline, serine, threonine, trigonelline, tryptophan,

c) više od svih biljaka sadrži fenugreekine, trigoforin, catechols, flavonols, Isoorientin-arabinoside, neogitogenin, octadecatrienoic-acid,  phytate, smilagenin, sotolone, trigonella-foenum-graceum-flavone-glycoside, vitexin, yamogenin, yuccagenin.

 

Indikacije:

Biljni preparati su namenjeni poboljšanju opšteg stanja organizma kroz razna naučno dokazana dejstva.

Upotreba kod gastrointestinalnih i kožnih  tegoba, poremećaja metabolizma i regulisanja prekomerne težine.

 

Dr. Džems Djuk (Dr. James Duke) u Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2nd Ed. (2002). CRC Press, navodi sledeće:

 – ima jako dejstvo kod:

anoreksije, konstipacije, dermatoza, dispepsije, visokog holesterola, hiperglikemije, inflamacija, NIDDM (Diabetes mellitus type 2),…. top activity: Cancer-preventive, antioxidant, pesticide, hypocholesterolemic, antiinflammatory, hypotensive, antitumor, antibacterial, diuretic, hypoglycemic, antidiabetic, antispasmodic, antiulcer, vasodilator, antiviral, antiarthritic, antimutagenic, antiaggregant, anticataract, antidepressant, …

– delotvoran kod:

alakteje, alopecije, anemije, artroza, ateroskleroza, bakterijskih infekcija, kalkuloza, Ca. (abdomena, bešike, dojke, kolona, oka, žlezda, groin intestinuma, bubrega, jetre, parotida, rektuma, slezine, testisa, grla, uterusa, uvule), Childbirth, grčeva, dijareje, dijabetesa, disfunkcije apetita (disgeuzije), ekcema, gasova, HTA – visokog krvnog pritiska, visokih triglicerida, visoke lipidemije, infekcija, gojaznosti, oksalurije, bolova, upale grla, sindroma-X, Tu, ulceracija, zastoja tečnosti.

  – u narodnoj medicini kod: 

apscesa, adenopatije, alergija, ulceracija, bronhitisa, oparotina i opekotina, karbunkula, katara, promrzlina, holecistitisa, kolitisa, kašlja, cistitisa, Debility dizenterije, dismenoreje, edema, enteritisa, umora, fistula,  artritisa, furunkuloza, gastritisa, gihta, polenske groznice, anodin, hemoroida, hepatitisa, hernija, impotencije, leukoreje, limpfadenitisa, mastitisa, mijalgije, nefroza, neuralgije, neurastenija, oftalmija, orhitisa, osteomijelitisa, parotitisa, Proctosis Rachosis respiroza, reumatizma, Sciatica skrofula, Smallpox Sore Splenosis splenomegalije, stomatitisa, otoka, sifilisa, TB, ulcus cruris-a, uteritisa, vaginitisa, vomitusa, crva, rana, Cosmetic Smallpox, Abdomen, adstringent afrodisiac, Baldness Beri-Beri Bladder Boil Cancer, karminativ, Chancre, Coffee, cistitis, demulcent, deobstruent, Diabetes*, diareja, diuretik, dizenterije, dispepsije, edema, Ejaculation, emenagog, emolient, Frigidity?, gonoreja, Hairblack,  gastritisa, hernija, hidrocoele, impotencije, Kidney, laktagog, Piles, Renitis, repelent (insekti), Sore, Spice, stimulant, sifilis, tonik, Tumor, Tumor(abdomena), Uterus, Wound,

– spoljašnja primena (topikalno) kod:

celulita, apcesa, zanoktica, čireva, omekšivač (emolijent), …

– upotrebljava se kao:

jak sekretolitik, hiperemik, antiseptik, antiinflamatik, hiperemik, hipoholesterolemik, hipoglikemik, antiseptik, aperitiv, demulcent, emolient,  laksativ, sekretolitik, …

… anestetik, antiaterosklerotik, antidijabetik, antidiuretik,antispazmodik, antitumorik, kardiotonik, diuretik, emenagog, estrogenik, hidragog, hipolipidemik, hipotenziv, hipotrigliceridemik, insektifug, laktagog, lipolitik, mastogenik, mucilaginous miorelaksant, uterotonik, Oxytocic, inhibitor proteaze, spermicid, steroid Precursor, vulnerar,  u narodnoj medicini kao afrodizijak, karminativ, holagog, digestiv, analgetik, adstringent, Ecbolic, ekspectorant, Parturient, Propecic, vermifug, ….

Monografija nemačke E komisije (Commission E Monographs), terapijski vodič za biljne lekove, preporučuje Trigonella foenum-graecum za tretman gubitka apetita, spolja za lokalne inflamacije.

 

Doziranje i način primene:

do 2 mL (80 kapi) podeljeno u 2 do 4 doze.

Biljni preparat PISKAVICA HSS I TM:

pojedinačna doza: 0,5- 1,0 mL,

preporučena maksimalna dnevna doza (PDD): 2 mL.

Oralna (15-30 minuta pre obroka) i lokalna primena. Upotrebljavati  najmanje dva sata posle drugih lekova, zbog mogućeg ometanja apsorpcije. Upotreba na koži: aplicirati na obolelo mesto u tankom sloju ili obliku impregniranog zavoja. Razblažiti pre topikalne upotrebe alkoholom niže koncentracije (25-40%),  u odnosu 1:4 do 1:1.

 

Napraviti pauzu posle 4 nedelje neprekidne upotrebe. Optimalna upotreba 12 nedelja.

Po preporukama, preparat postiže najbolje efekte pri upotrebi od 8 do 12 nedelja, duža upotreba je bezbedna uz pauze.

 

Kontraindikacije:

preosetljivost na aktivne supstance,preosetljivost na biljke porodice (genus Trigonella,  family Fabaceae).

Ne preporučuje se upotreba tokom trudnoće i dojenja, zbog stimulišućih efekata na matericu. Pri preporučenoj upotrebi nema neželjenih efekata. Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Fenugreek) – Class 2b (McGuffin et al. – 1997). Velike doze, deset puta i veće, mogu prouzrokovati mučninu, dijareju i gasove (nadutost). Potreban je oprez kod osoba koje koriste MAO inhibitore, antokoagulanse ili hormonsku terapiju (varfarin, insulin, metformin, aspirin, …). FDA navodi piskavicu kao generalno bezbednu biljku.

Contraindicated in pregnancy (Gruenwald et al. 2000). Due to its oxytoxic and uterine stimulant actions, in vitro, its use in pregnancy and lactation is to be avoided.

 

Čuvanje:

na tamnom, suvom i hladnom mestu do 20 ˚C, van domašaja dece i izlaganja EM zračenju,  u dobro zatvorenoj originalnoj ambalaži.

 

Rok upotrebe: 

5 godina, posle prvog otvaranja 6 meseci. Ako se čuva pod preporučenim uslovima, rok trajanja je neograničen.

 

Pakovanje:

50 mL i 100 mL, standarne  farmaceutske braon bočice; 30 mL, 250 mL, 500 mL, 1L i 5 L na zahtev.

.  

Nutritivne informacije:

PISKAVICA HSS I TM :

energetska vrednost u 100 mL: 1504 kJ/ 360 kcal,

u preporučenoj dnevnoj dozi (PDD) 2  mL: 30 kJ/ 7,2 kcal,

suve materije (DR) više od 0,9% (Fr. Ph.).

 

Bez dodatnih konzervanasa, proteina, masti i ugljenih hidrata.

 

PISKAVICA HSS I TM  su rukom rađeni proizvodi. 

 

CENOVNIK 

TINKTURA, PISKAVICA HSS, hidroetanolni tečni ekstrakt sušenog semena DER 1:5,

50 mL – 750,00 RSD; 100 mL 1500,00 RSD HSS TINKTURA ;

MATIČNA TINKTURA, PISKAVICA TM, hidroetanolni tečni ekstrakt sušenog semena DER 1:10,

50 mL – 600,00 RSD; 100 mL 1200,00 RSD TM TINKTURA .

 

Pogledati informacije na: http://www.biljni-preparati.com/preparati/piskavica-trigonella-foenum-graecum-l/

Podaci ažurirani jula 2017.

Contraindications: Because Fenugreek may interfere with the absorption of iron, people with anemia should avoid its use. Pregnant women should absolutely not use this herb, as it may stimulate uterine contractions, and it is advisable for nursing mothers to consult their physicians before use. There may be a maple syrup smell in your sweat or urine, and in infants exposed to Fenugreek through breast milk, you may notice a maple syrup odor in their urine. Fenugreek may also alter the balance of various forms of thyroid hormones and should not be used by those taking thyroid hormone medication. Large doses (many times the recommended amounts) are not recommended, as it may cause nausea, diarrhea, and gas. Diabetics should always consult a physician before using Fenugreek. Do not take Fenugreek without talking to your doctor first if you are taking a blood-thinning medicine (examples: warfarin, aspirin, enoxaparin, etc.) or medicine for diabetes (examples: metformin, glyburide, insulin, etc.). Do not take Fenugreek at the same time as other medications; separate administration by an hour or two. The FDA lists Fenugreek as „generally regarded as safe.“

Disclaimer: The information presented herein by Biljna Alhemija Herbal Alchemy is intended for educational purposes only. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, cure, treat or prevent disease. Individual results may vary, and before using any supplements, it is always advisable to consult with your own healthcare provider.

Upotreba piskavice (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) sa referencama

Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fabaceae) Common names Boyotu; Fenugreek; Hu Lu Pa; Koroha; K’U Tou; Chinagreye; Helba; Shimli; Alholva; Halva; Foenum Graecum; Kelabat

Upotreba:
demulcent, karminativ, emolijent,
abdomen, anodin, afrodizijak, artritis, adstrigent, ćelavost, Beri-Beri, bešika, boil, Ca, šankr, zamena za kafu, kozmetik, cistitis, deobstruent, dijabetes, dijareja, diuretik, dizenterija, dispepsija, edem, ejakulacija, emenagog, frigidnost, gastritis,

Reference:
ANON. 1974. A barefoot doctor’s manual. DHEW Publication No. (NIH): 75-695.
ANON. 1978. List of Plants. Kyoto Herbal Garden, Parmacognostic Research Lab., Central Research Division, Takeda Chem. Industries, Ltd., Ichijoji, Sakyoku, Kyoto, Japan.
Steinmetz, E.F. 1957. codex Vegetabilis. Published by the author, Amsterdam.
Shih-chen, Li. 1973. Chinese medinal herbs. Georgetown Press, San Francisco.
Leung, Albert Y. 1980. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients. John Wiley and Sons, N.Y.
Shih-chen, Li. 1973. Chinese medinal herbs. Georgetown Press, San Francisco.
Hartwell, J.L. 1967-71. Plants used against cancer. A survey. Lloydia 30-34.
Keys, J.D. 1976. Chinese Herbs. Charles E. Tuttle Co., Tokyo.
Broun, A.F., and R.E. Massey. 1929. Flora of the Sudan. The controller, Sudan Govt. Office, Wellington House, Buchingham Gate, London, S.W.I.
Al-Rawi, Ali. 1964. Medicinal Plants of Iraq. Tech. Bull. No. 15. Ministry of Agriculture, Directorate General of Agricultural Research Projects.
Uphof, J.C. Th. 1968. Dictionary of economic plants. 2nd ed. Verlag von J. Cramer.

Fenugreek Seed (Trigonella foenum-graecum)

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)

Synonyms / Common Names / Related Terms

4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-OH-Ile), abish, alholva, bird’s foot, bockhornsklover, bockshornsamen, bockshornklee, cemen, chilbe, diosgenin, diosgenin fenegriek, fenogrego, fenugree, fenugreek flour, fenugreek gums, fenugreek leaves, fenugreek seed, fenugreek spouts, fenogreco, fenigreko, fenu-thyme, foenugraeci semen, gorogszena, graine de fenugrec, gray hay, Greek hay seed, griechische Heusamen (German), fieno greco, halba, hilbeh, hulba, hu lu ba, kasoori methi, kozieradka pospolita, kreeka lambalaats, mente, mentikura, mentula, methi, methika, methini, methri, methro, mithiguti, N,N’-dicarbazyl, pazhitnik grecheskiy, penantazi, phenolic acids, protodioscin, sag methi, sambala, sarviapila, shabaliidag, shambelile, star fenugreek, trigonella, Trigonella balansaeTrigonella caeruleaTrigonella foenum-gracecumTrigonella semen, Trigonella stellata, Trigonella, trigonelline, uluhaal, uwatu, vendayam, venthiam, wheat-fenugreek.

Mechanism of Action

Pharmacology:

  • Constituents: In laboratory tests, fenugreek has been found to contain 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-OH-Ile), fat, diosgenin, iron, phenolic acids, protein, and protodioscin.27,28,30,7,31,29
  • Analgesic effects: In a rat study, Trigonella foenum-graecumextract showed analgesic activity, which may be similar to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) via the spinal 5-HT system or purinoceptors.1,12
  • Antiadhesive properties: Bactericidal and anti-adhesive properties against Helicobacter pylorihave been studied.5 The bactericidal activity of the extract was assessed by a standard kill-curve with seven strains of  pylori. The anti-adhesive property was assessed by the inhibition of binding of four strains of FITC-labeled H. pylori to stomach sections. Fenugreek was found to have no bactericidal effect on any of the isolates.
  • Anticarcinogenesis effects: In rats, dietary fenugreek seeds inhibited colon carcinogenesis3and diosgenin from fenugreek suppressed total colonic aberrant crypt foci formation4. In the seeds, the effect may be due to the fiber, flavonoids, or saponins that modulate beta-glucuronidase and mucinase activities. However, the diosgenin study indicated that the extract inhibited bcl-2 and induced caspase-3 protein expression, thereby inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell growth. Another study of diosgenin indicates that its activity may be due to inhibition of NF-kappaB-regulated gene expression.27 Another chemical extracted from fenugreek, protodioscin, strongly inhibited growth of HL-60 cells, but had little effect on KATO III cells in vitro.7 Apoptosis in the HL-60 cells seems to have been due to the concentration- and time-dependent fragmentation of DNA by protodiosgenin.
  • In a review article, authors presented evidence that numerous agents such as diosgenin (fenugreek) identified from fruits and vegetables can interfere with several cell-signaling pathways.32The results of several studies indicate that a diet rich in fresh vegetables protects against several common epithelial neoplasms.33 This probable effect has been related to specific micronutrients contained in vegetables. A case-control study and systematic assessment of the relationship between vegetable intake and the risk of gallbladder cancer was conducted in 153 patients with gallbladder cancer and 153 controls with gallstone disease. Each patient’s consumption of vegetables was assessed by using a food frequency questionnaire. The frequency of vegetable consumption was divided into three levels: ≥3 days/week, 1-2 days/week and no or rare consumption. Participants were divided into three groups according to the level of vegetable intake. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were computed for subsequent levels of vegetable consumption compared with the high level of consumption. A low consumption of vegetables showed an increase in odds ratio for gallbladder cancer for almost all the vegetables studied. A significant inverse trend was observed for green leafy vegetables and gallbladder cancer. An inverse association was observed for amaranth with an OR of 3.45 for the low vs. high level of consumption. Corresponding values were 2.14 for spinach, 1.86 for bathua, 1.02 for bengalgram leaves, 2.26 for cabbage, 3.06 for fenugreek leaves, 1.95 for mustard leaves and 1.44 for radish leaves. An inverse relationship between the risk of gallbladder cancer and the level of vegetable consumption was observed.
  • Antioxidant activity: In an ethanol toxicity rat study, an aqueous extract of fenugreek seeds prevented the rise in lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidant potential.9These results are supported by in vitro evidence in diabetic human erythrocytes, that polyphenol acids from fenugreek seeds showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of lipid peroxidation.2
  • Antiplatelet activity: In a rat study, a fenugreek extract inhibited ADP (10-5M) induced platelet aggregation (IC50=1.28mg/mL).12
  • Exercise recovery effects: In trained male cyclists, a glucose beverage and 4-hydroxyisoleucine isolated from fenugreek seeds significantly increased muscle glycogen concentration 63% from immediately post exercise to four hours after exercise compared to the control.28
  • Hepatoprotective activity: In an in vitro study using Chang liver cells treated with ethanol, a polyphenolic extract of fenugreek seeds significantly and dose-dependently increased cell viability by reducing oxidation and apoptosis.8
  • Hypoglycemic effects: Hypoglycemic effects of fenugreek observed in animal studies have been associated with a fraction that contains the testa and endosperm of the defatted seeds, called the „A“ subfraction. These effects have not been observed with lipid extracts.34,35Hypoglycemic effects have been attributed to several mechanisms: Sauvaire et al. demonstrated that the amino acid 4-hyroxyisoleucine in fenugreek seeds increases glucose-induced insulin release in vitro in human and rat pancreatic islet cells.16 This amino acid appeared to act only on pancreatic beta cells, since somatostatin and glucagon were not altered in the study. However, another in vitro study indicates that fenugreek seed extract phosphorylates a number of proteins, including the insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate 1 and p85 subunit of PI3-K, in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes and human hepatoma cells, HepG2.17 These results suggest that fenugreek’s effects may be due to activation of the insulin-signaling pathway in adipocytes and liver cells. In human studies, fenugreek reduced the area under the plasma glucose curve (AUC) and increased the number of insulin receptors via an unclear mechanism.10 Also, a combination of bittergourd, jamun seeds, and fenugreek seeds significantly reduced fasting and postprandial glucose level of the diabetic patients15. Fenugreek seeds have also been postulated to exert hypoglycemic effects by stimulating glucose-dependent insulin release by beta cells13, or via inhibition of α-amylase and sucrase activity14. A unique major free amino acid, 4-hydroxyisoleucine (4-OH Ile), has also been characterized as one of the active ingredients for blood glucose control.11
  • Insulin sensitization effects: When administered to type 2 diabetic rats, the amino acid 4-hydroxyisoleucine extracted from fenugreek seeds increased peripheral glucose utilization and decreased hepatic glucose production, thereby improving insulin resistance.6Chronic ingestion of 4-hydroxyisoleucine significantly reduced insulinemia.
  • Lipid-lowering effects: In animal studies, fenugreek has been found to lower triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels.18,19,20,21,22These effects may be due to saponins, a class of molecule present in fenugreek that is transformed in the gastrointestinal tract to sapogenins. Sapogenins increase biliary cholesterol secretion, potentially leading to lower serum cholesterol levels.23,18,24,25 Based on another in vitro study, fenugreek may increase intra-luminal binding of cholesterol, which results in increased fecal excretion of bile acids and neutral sterols.26

Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics:

  • Pharmacokinetic data are not available for all components of fenugreek, or for the compound as a whole. Saponins present in fenugreek are believed to be primarily absorbed in the terminal ileum.36
  • In a rabbit study by Zhao et al., after post-intragastric injection of fenugreek extract, the pharmacokinetic parameters of one compartment model were half-life, t½ (Ka) = 0.9 hr, t½ (Ke) = 2.2hr, volume of distribution = 0.64L/kg and AUC = 1.93mg*min/L.37After intravenous injection, the two compartment open model parameters were t½ (Ka) =10.8 min, t½ (Ke) = 44 min, K2,1 = 0.044/min, K1,0 = 0.026 min, K1,2 = 0.017/min, and the AUC = 931mg*min/L.

 

References

  1. Parvizpur, A., Ahmadiani, A., and Kamalinejad, M. Spinal serotonergic system is partially involved in antinociception induced by Trigonella foenum-graecum (TFG) leaf extract. J Ethnopharmacol2004;95(1):13-17. 15374601
  2. Kaviarasan, S., Vijayalakshmi, K., and Anuradha, C. V. Polyphenol-rich extract of fenugreek seeds protect erythrocytes from oxidative damage.Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2004;59(4):143-147. 15678722
  3. Devasena, T. and Menon, V. P. Fenugreek affects the activity of beta-glucuronidase and mucinase in the colon. Phytother Res2003;17(9):1088-1091. 14595593
  4. Raju, J., Patlolla, J. M., Swamy, M. V., and Rao, C. V. Diosgenin, a steroid saponin of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek), inhibits azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci formation in F344 rats and induces apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev2004;13(8):1392-1398. 15298963
  5. O’Mahony, R., Al Khtheeri, H., Weerasekera, D., Fernando, N., Vaira, D., Holton, J., and Basset, C. Bactericidal and anti-adhesive properties of culinary and medicinal plants against Helicobacter pylori. World J Gastroenterol12-21-2005;11(47):7499-7507. 16437723
  6. Broca, C., Breil, V., Cruciani-Guglielmacci, C., Manteghetti, M., Rouault, C., Derouet, M., Rizkalla, S., Pau, B., Petit, P., Ribes, G., Ktorza, A., Gross, R., Reach, G., and Taouis, M. Insulinotropic agent ID-1101 (4-hydroxyisoleucine) activates insulin signaling in rat.Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004;287(3):E463-E471. 15082420
  7. Hibasami, H., Moteki, H., Ishikawa, K., Katsuzaki, H., Imai, K., Yoshioka, K., Ishii, Y., and Komiya, T. Protodioscin isolated from fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) induces cell death and morphological change indicative of apoptosis in leukemic cell line H-60, but not in gastric cancer cell line KATO III. Int J Mo Med2003;11(1):23-26. 12469212
  8. Kaviarasan, S., Ramamurty, N., Gunasekaran, P., Varalakshmi, E., and Anuradha, C. V. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed extract prevents ethanol-induced toxicity and apoptosis in Chang liver cells. Alcohol Alcohol2006;41(3):267-273. 16574673
  9. Thirunavukkarasu, V., Anuradha, C. V., and Viswanathan, P. Protective effect of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seeds in experimental ethanol toxicity. Phytother Res2003;17(7):737-743. 12916070
  10. Raghuram TC, Sharma RD, Sivakumar B, and et al. Effect of fenugreek seeds on intravenous glucose disposition in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. Phytotherapy Research1994;8(2):83-86.
  11. Flammang, A. M., Cifone, M. A., Erexson, G. L., and Stankowski, L. F., Jr. Genotoxicity testing of a fenugreek extract. Food Chem Toxicol2004;42(11):1769-1775. 15350674
  12. Parvizpur, A., Ahmadiani, A., and Kamalinejad, M. Probable role of spinal purinoceptors in the analgesic effect of Trigonella foenum (TFG) leaves extract. J Ethnopharmacol3-8-2006;104(1-2):108-112. 16298092
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Izvor: www.sigmaaldrich.com

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Effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) extract

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Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) seed extract as an antineoplastic agent

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Fenugreek is a plant supplemented for its libido enhancing and anti-diabetic effects.

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Pharmacological effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. in health and disease.

CONTEXT:
The health benefits and medicinal properties of herbal food products are known since antiquity. Fenugreek [Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn. (Fabaceae)], a seed spice used to enhance flavor, color and texture of food, is employed for medicinal purposes in many traditional systems. A number of epidemiological studies and laboratory research have unraveled the biological actions of fenugreek.
OBJECTIVE:
Research on fenugreek in recent years has identified a number of health benefits and physiological attributes in both experimental animals as well as clinical trials in humans. In this study we have reviewed the available scientific literature on fenugreek.
METHODS:
This review article summarizes and reviews published experimental studies and scientific literature from the databases including PubMed, Google and local library searches.
RESULTS:
The information available in the literature on the health benefits and pharmaceutical effects of Trigonella accounts for its known medicinal properties and adds new therapeutic effects in newer indications. Besides its known medicinal properties such as carminative, gastric stimulant, antidiabetic and galactogogue (lactation-inducer) effects, newer research has identified hypocholesterolemic, antilipidemia, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiulcer, antilithigenic, anticarcinogenic and other miscellaneous medicinal effects of fenugreek. Although most of these studies have used whole seed powder or different forms of extracts, some have identified active constituents from seeds and attributed them medicinal values for different indications.
CONCLUSION:
The resarch on Trigonella exhibits its health benefits and potential medicinal properties in various indications and has little or no side effects, suggesting its pharmaceutical, therapeutic and nutritional potential.

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum)

Fenugreek seed (Foenugraeci semen)

Published February 1, 1990. List of German Commission E Monographs (Phytotherapy)

 

Trigonella foenum-graecum (Foenum graecum)

Bundesanzeiger Nr. 104 a vom 7.6.1990 Monographie BGA/BfArM (Kommission D)

 

Trigonella foenum-graecum (Foenum graecum)

 

Foenugraeci semen (Bockshornsamen). Erscheinungsdatum Bundesanzeiger: 1.2.1990., Heftnummer: 22a., ATC-Code: A15. Monographie BGA/BfArM (Kommission E)












Pakovanje mL/ g:
 10 20 30 50 100 250 500 1000

Količina:
1 2 3 više 

 

 

vrh