Preparati

BILJNI PREPARATI VIRKA:

TINKTURA VIRAK – VIRAK HSS, hidroetanolni tečni ekstrakt sušene biljke i
MATIČNA TINKTURA – VIRAK TM, hidroetanolni tečni ekstrakt sveže biljke

ATC: A09AX – Erscheinungsdatum Bundesanzeiger: 18.9.1986., Heftnummer: 173., ATC-Code: A09AX.; Monographie BGA/BfArM (Kommission E)

– hemostat,

– cirkulatonik,

– antioksidans (bioflavonoidi).

U skladu sa Eu. Ph. 8  monografijom: 

Deutsches Homöopathisches Arzneibuch – HAB: Alchemilla vulgaris ad praeparationes homoeopathicas (Alchémille vulgaire  pour préparations homéopathiques), method 2a,

Pharmacopée française 2002: Alchemilla xanthochlora ad praeparationes homoeopathicas (Alchemilla vulgaris for homeopathic preparations)

HPUS 78: Alchemilla vulgaris hom. HPUS78. 

a) Alchemilla vulgaris, herba (Lady’s mantle fresh plant, above ground parts ).

Biljni preparati u tečnom obliku (nerazblaženi ili razblaženi) za oralnu i lokalnu upotrebu.

Sastav:

a) tečni ekstrakt (DER 1:1), ekstrakcioni rastvarač etanol 51% (v/v),

Alchemilla vulgaris L., sadrži preko xxx istraženih hemijskih jedinjenja koja ispoljavaju xxx dejstava.

Sadržaj:

a) minimalno 0,15% m/m tanina izraženog kao pirogalol (pyrogallol) (MF: C₆H₆O₃ ili C₆H₃(OH)₃, MW: 126,11004 g/mol⁻¹),

b) u većoj koncentraciji sadrži tanine, flavonoide, palmitinsku, salicilnu, hloragenu i stearinsku kiselinu, fitosterole, saponine; aldehide, alkohole, terpene, estre, kiseline, ugljovodonike – (cis-3-hexenol (11.20+/-0.02%), linalool (10.36+/-0.75%), oct-1-en-3-ol (8.98+/-1.43%), i nonanal (7.83+/-0.93%), myrtenol (4.65+/-0.40%), hexadecanoic acid (4.59+/-0.79%), cis-3-hexenyl acetate (3.92+/-0.15%) i alpha-terpineol (3.10+/-0.26%), gorke materije, fitosterole (phytosterols), flavonoide (quercitrin), isparljiva ulja.

c) više od svih biljaka sadrži: ellagitannins (pedunculagin, agrimoniin, alchemillin).

Indikacije: biljni preparati su namenjeni poboljšanju opšteg stanja organizma kroz razna naučno dokazana dejstva.

Upotreba kod urogenitalnih, gastrointestinalnih, kožnih i hormonalnih tegoba, antioksidant, antidismenoreik.

Dr. Džems Djuk (Dr. James Duke) u Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2nd Ed. (2002). CRC Press, navodi sledeće:

– ima jako dejstvo kod: krvarenja, nespecifičnih diareja

– delotvoran kod: Ca., amenoreje, hipermenoreje, dismenoreje, metroragije, menoragije, enteritisa i gastroenteritisa, fungusa, infekcija, inflamacija, mikoza, faringitisa, bolnog i upaljenog grla, stomatitisa, Tu, PMS-a, pojačanog menstrualnog krvarenja i grčeva, mioma materice, polipa, cista, zapaljenja jajnika, prolapsa materice, GI katara, HTA, influence A i B, virusnih infekcija (inhibitor H1N1, H3N2, H5N2, …), endometrioze, regulisanja menstrualnog ciklusa, prevazilaženja tegoba u menopauzi, malih i srednjih fibroma materice, ženskog steriliteta (Nicholas Culpeper recommended it as a fertility herb), HTA, postpartalnog krvarenja, cistitisa,

– u narodnoj medicini kod: anoreksije, modrica, grčeva, dermatoza, ekcema, gastritisa, hepatitisa, krvarenja u menopauzi, menoragije, Rash, vaginitisa, vulvitisa, leukoreje, zastoja tečnosti, „belog pranja“, porođaja, tegoba u maloj karlici, jačanja materice, emenagog,

– spoljašnja primena kod: opekotina, čireva, uboda insekata, ulceracija, akni, žuljeva, rana, povreda kože, za ispiranje kod jače vaginalne sekrecije, kao antiseptik, adstrigent, antiinflamatik, cikatrizant, u obliku lekovite kupke – ne duže od 30 minuta, …

– upotrebljava se kao: adstringent, emolijent, hemostat, vazorelaksant, zatim kao angioprotektiv, antioksidant, antitumorik, inhibitor himotripsina, inhibitor elastaze, inhibitor tripsina, fungicid, mutagenik, u narodu kao antiinflamatik, aperitiv, diuretik, miorelaksant, biter, vulnerar, tonik kardiovaskularnog sistema,

Preporučuje se trudnicama i dojiljama (za razliku od mnogih drugih biljnih preparata).

Monografija nemačke E komisije (Commission E Monographs), terapijski vodič za biljne lekove, preporučuje Alchemilla vulgaris za tretman nespecifičnih dijareja.

Doziranje i način primene:

2 mL (80 kapi) podeljeno u 2 do 4 doze.

Biljni preparati VIRAK HSS i TM:

pojedinačna doza: 0,5-1 mL, preporučena dnevna doza (PDD): 2 mL.

Oralna (sat vremena pre obroka) i lokalna primena.

Upotreba na koži: aplicirati na obolelo mesto u tankom sloju ili obliku impregniranog zavoja.

Napraviti pauzu posle 4 nedelje neprekidne upotrebe.

Po preporukama, preparat postiže najbolje efekte pri upotrebi od 8 do 12 nedelja, duža upotreba je bezbedna uz pauze od po nedelju dana.

Kontraindikacije: preosetljivost na aktivne supstance, preosetljivost na biljke porodice (genus Alchemilla, family Rosaceae). Pažljiva upotreba kod osoba sa gastritisom i peptičkim ulkusom. Zbog progesteronske aktivnosti pažljiva upotreba sa oralnim kontraceptivima.

Interakcije: ne postoje adekvatni podaci o mogućim interakcijama; pri upotrebi u preporučenim dnevnim dozama nema interakcija i neželjenih efekata. Pri enormno velikim dozama, 10 puta većih od preporučenih i većim i kod duge upotrebe može doći do opstipacije.

Čuvanje: na tamnom, suvom i hladnom mestu do 20˚C, van domašaja dece i izlaganja EM zračenju,  u dobro zatvorenoj originalnoj ambalaži.

Rok upotrebe: 5 godina, posle prvog otvaranja 6 meseci.

Pakovanje: 50 mL i 100 mL, standarne farmaceutske braon bočice; 250 mL, 500 mL, 1L i 5 L na zahtev.

Nutritivne informacije:

VIRAK HSS i TM:

energetska vrednost u 100 mL:  1172 kJ/ 280 kcal,

u preporučenoj dnevnoj dozi (PDD) 2 mL: 23,45kJ/ 5,6 kcal,

suve materije (DR) više od 1,5% (Ph. Fr.), RD 0,900 – 0,930.

Bez konzervanasa, proteina, masti i ugljenih hidrata.

VIRAK HSS i TM su rukom rađeni proizvodi. 

Analizu na teške metale, pesticide i mikrobiološku ispravnost preparata broj 4603120601 od 29.03.2016. godine izvršila ANAHEM LABORATORIJA BEOGRAD, u sklopu preparata RESPIRO 30.

CENOVNIK

TINKTURA -VIRAK HSS, hidroetanolni tečni ekstrakt sušene biljke,
RSD HSS 500/ 50 mL, 1000/ 100 mL, DER 1:5, i

MATIČNA TINKTURA – VIRAK TM, hidroetanolni tečni ekstrakt sveže biljke,
RSD TM 600/ 50 mL, 1200/ 100 mL, DER 1:1.

http://www.biljni-preparati.com/preparati/virak-alchemilla-vulgaris-l/

Upotreba virka (Alchemilla vulgaris L.) sa referencama.

Alchemilla vulgaris (Rosaceae)

Common names: Lady’s mantle, Frauenmantel (Frauenmantelkraut); Aslanpencesi; Pie De Leon

Data by

ALCHEMILLA VULGARIS Urtinktur, 20 Milliliter by DHU-Arzneimittel GmbH & Co. KG

CERES Alchemilla Urtinktur by CERES Heilmittel GmbH

Lady’s Mantle

Scientific Name(s): Alchemilla mollis., Alchemilla vulgaris., Alchemilla xanthochlora.
Common Name(s): Alchemilla, Common lady’s mantle, Ladder brake, Lady’s mantle, Lion’s foot

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Aug 22, 2019.

Clinical Overview

Use Lady’s mantle has been traditionally used both topically and internally as a treatment for wounds, GI complaints, and female ailments (eg, menstrual or menopausal complaints); however, clinical studies are lacking to support these uses. Animal studies do not support the use of lady’s mantle in diabetes, and limited studies of use in wound healing have been conducted.

Dosing Clinical studies are lacking to support specific dosing recommendations for lady’s mantle. A gel made from the leaves has been used topically for mouth ulcers. Oral dosages of 5 to 10 g of the herb in 1 L of water daily, or of 2 to 4 mL of the liquid herb extract have been traditionally used for the treatment of diarrhea.

Contraindications Contraindications have not been identified.

Pregnancy/Lactation Avoid use. Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking.

Interactions None well documented.

Adverse Reactions None known with use at low doses.

Toxicology No data.Scientific

Family Rosaceae (rose) Botany Alchemilla, an aggregate of species collectively referred to as „lady’s mantle,“ is native to cool, temperate regions of Europe and Asia, with some species cultivated in North America, and grows in meadows, woodland clearings, and pastures. It is a perennial herb that grows up to 40 cm in height and consists of a short rhizome carrying ascending or sprawling stems and large (up to 8 cm in width) circular or kidney-shaped grey-green leaves at the base. The main ribs of the leaf protrude to the lower face and have small teeth at their tips. The inflorescence is a compound terminal cyme of dense clusters of small, yellow-green flowers, with sepals occurring in 2 rings of 4 without petals. The fruit is of the achene type (formed from one carpel). The entire plant is covered in fine, soft, short hairs.1, 2, 3 A synonym is Alchemilla vulgaris.

History In the Middle Ages, alchemists used rain water or dew collected in the leaf center for its purported magical and medicinal powers, a custom derived from the plant’s generic name „alchemilla,“ which is from the Arabic word „alkimiya,“ meaning „universal cure for disease.“ The plant has long been associated with the Virgin Mary due to the shape of its leaf lobes, which resemble the edges of a mantle, and was one of several herbal plants used in wreaths during Corpus Christi celebrations. Traditional uses for lady’s mantle include as a mild astringent, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, diuretic, menstrual cycle regulator, treatment for digestive disorders, and relaxant for muscular spasms. Externally, lady’s mantle has been widely used in bath preparations, wound healing, skin bruises, and as an herbal cosmetic.2, 3, 4, 5

Chemistry Lady’s mantle, similar to most members of the Rosaceae family, contains flavonoids and phenolic acids, which may account for its antioxidant activity.6, 7, 8, 9 The flavonoids quercetin, rutin, and kaempferol have been identified, as well as the phenols gallic acid and caffeic acid, although concentrations among species vary.3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11 The presence of tannins (elagitannins such as pedunculagin and alchemillin) at concentrations of 6% to 8% has also been described.2, 3 Aldehydes, alcohols, terpenes, esters, acids, and hydrocarbons have been identified in the essential oil.12

Uses and Pharmacology

Cardiovascular effects

Animal data

In one study examining the vascular effects of methanol and aqueous extracts of A. vulgaris in rats, the methanol extract was high in quercetin and had a relaxant effect on aortic tissue, while the aqueous extract was higher in gallic acid content and resulted in enhanced contractility.11, 13 Oral administration of the methanol extract had a hypotensive effect.13

Clinical data No clinical data exist regarding the use of lady’s mantle for hypertension or other cardiovascular diseases.

Diabetes

Animal data Despite the plant’s purported use in diabetes, lady’s mantle showed no effect on hyperphagia, polydipsia, body weight loss, hyperglycemia, or hyperinsulinemia in a study involving mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes.14

Clinical data No clinical data exist regarding the use of lady’s mantle in diabetes.

Wound healing

Animal data Inhibition of the activity of the proteolytic enzymes elastase, trypsin, and alpha-chymotrypsin has been attributed to the tannin content of lady’s mantle extracts.3, 15, 16 Promitotic activity in epithelial cells and myofibroblasts was demonstrated in rats administered A. vulgaris extract.17 In a study of rats with induced endometrial adhesions, A. mollis aerial plant parts administered daily by gavage resulted in modulation of inflammatory cytokines (including tumor necrosis factor, endothelial growth factor, and interleukin 6).18

Clinical data In an open-label study in patients with recurrent aphthous ulcers, topical applications of A. vulgaris gel resulted in faster self-reported healing of ulcers.19, 20

Other uses In vitro, lady’s mantle leaf extract demonstrated some activity against human bacterial and fungal pathogens, including Helicobacter pylori.9, 21 An inhibitory effect against influenza viruses was also observed in vitro.22 In a rat model of endometriosis, A. mollis extract significantly reduced adhesion scores and reduced mean endometrioma volume (from 101.35 to 11.87 mm³).18

A. vulgaris administered as part of a mixture of 4 plants was studied for its potential weight loss properties in humans. Significant and progressive weight reductions were observed over 3 months, with higher levels of weight loss observed in subjects with body mass index (BMI) 25 to 30 kg/m² compared to those with BMI greater than 30 kg/m².23

Dosing Clinical studies are lacking to provide dosing guidelines. Lady’s mantle has been used topically as a 3% gel for oral, nonherpetiform ulcers.19, 20

Oral dosages of 5 to 10 g of the herb in 1 L of water daily,3 or of 2 to 4 mL of the liquid herb extract have been traditionally used for the treatment of diarrhea.24

Pregnancy / Lactation Avoid use. Information regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking.24

Interactions None well documented.

Adverse Reactions Information regarding adverse reactions with the use of lady’s mantle is limited.3, 24

Toxicology Information regarding toxicity of lady’s mantle is limited. No morphological changes or cytotoxicity were observed in an in vitro study.17 The tannin content of lady’s mantle extracts may be toxic at higher than usual doses.24 In another study, the quercetin content of lady’s mantle was too low to be mutagenic.25

Index Terms

• Alchemilla

References

1. Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. USDA, NRCS. 2016. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 2016). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA. Accessed July 28, 2016.

2. Bisset N, ed. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Practice on a Scientific Basis. Stuttgart, Germany: CRC Press; 1994.

3. Ghedira K, Goetz P, Le Jeune R. Alchemilla vulgaris L.: Alchémille (Rosaceae). Phytotherapie. 2012;10(4):263-266.

4. Luczaj LJ. A relic of medieval folklore: Corpus Christi Octave herbal wreaths in Poland and their relationship with the local pharmacopoeia. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012;142(1):228-240.22575705

5. Smolyakova IM, Andreeva VY, Kalinkina GI, Avdeenko SN, Shchetinin PP. Development of extraction techniques and standardization methods for a common lady’s mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris) extract. Pharm Chem J. 2012;45(11):675-678.

6. Olafsdottir ES, Omarsdottir S, Jaroszewski JW. Constituents of three Icelandic Alchemilla species. Biochem Syst Ecol. 2001;29(9):959-962.11445296

7. Condrat D, Crisan F, Szabo MR, Lupea AX. Flavonoids in angiosprmatophyta and spermatophyta species and their antioxidant activity. Rev Chim. 2009;60(11):1129-1134.

8. Condrat D, Mosoarca C, Zamfir AD, Crisan F, Szabo MR, Lupea AX. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of gallic acid in Alchemilla vulgaris, Allium ursinum, Acorus calamus and Solidago virga-aurea by chip-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. Cent Eur J Chem. 2010;8(3):530-535.

9. Denev P, Kratchanova M, Ciz M, et al. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and neutrophil-modulating activities of herb extracts. Acta Biochim Pol. 2014;61(2):359-367.24945135

10. Fraisse D, Heitz A, Carnat A, Carnat AP, Lamaison JL. Quercetin 3-arabinopyranoside, a major flavonoid compound from Alchemilla xanthochlora. Fitoterapia. 2000;71(4):463-464.10925029

11. Takir S, Sezgi B, Süzgeç-Selçuk S, et al. Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant effect of Alchemilla vulgaris methanol extract: a comparison with the aqueous extract in rat aorta. Nat Prod Res. 2014;28(23):2182-2185.24938755

12. Falchero L, Coppa M, Fossi A, Lombardi G, Ramella D, Tava A. Essential oil composition of lady’s mantle (Alchemilla xanthochlora Rothm.) growing wild in Alpine pastures. Nat Prod Res. 2009;23(15):1367-1372.19809907

13. Takir S, Altun IH, Sezgi B, Süzgeç-Selçuk S, Mat A, Uydeş-Doğan BS. Vasorelaxant and blood pressure lowering effects of Alchemilla vulgaris: A comparative study of methanol and aqueous extracts. Pharmacogn Mag. 2015;11(41):163-169.25709228

14. Swanston-Flatt SK, Day C, Bailey CJ, Flatt PR. Traditional plant treatments for diabetes. Studies in normal and streptozotocin diabetic mice. Diabetologia. 1990;33(8):462-464.2210118

15. Jonadet M, Meunier MT, Villie F, Bastide JP, Lamaison JL. Flavonoids extracted from Ribes nigrum L. and Alchemilla vulgaris L.: 1. In vitro inhibitory activities on elastase, trypsin and chymotrypsin. 2. Angioprotective activities compared in vivo [in French]. J Pharmacol. 1986;17(1):21-27.3635653

16. Lamaison JL, Carnat A, Petitjean-Freytet C. Tannin content and inhibiting activity of elastase in Rosaceae [in French]. Ann Pharm Fr. 1990;48(6):335-340.2131766

17. Shrivastava R, Cucuat N, John GW. Effects of Alchemilla vulgaris and glycerine on epithelial and myofibroblast cell growth and cutaneous lesion healing in rats. Phytother Res. 2007;21(4):369-373.17236169

18. Küpeli Akkol E, Demirel MA, Bahadir Acikara O, et al. Phytochemical analyses and effects of Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. and Alchemilla persica Rothm. in rat endometriosis model. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2015;292(3):619-628.25700659

19. Shrivastava R, John GW. Treatment of aphthous stomatitis with topical Alchemilla vulgaris in glycerine. Clin Drug Investig. 2006;26(10):567-573.17163290

20. Abascal K, Yarnell E. Treatments for recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Altern Complement Ther. 2010;16(2):100-106.

21. Krivokuća M, Niketić M, Milenković M, et al. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of four Alchemilla species (Rosaceae). Nat Prod Commun. 2015;10(8):1369-1371.26434119

22. Makau JN, Watanabe K, Kobayashi N. Anti-influenza activity of Alchemilla mollis extract: possible virucidal activity against influenza virus particles. Drug Discov Ther. 2013;7(5):189-195.24270383

23. Said O, Saad B, Fulder S, Khalil K, Kassis E. Weight loss in animals and humans treated with „Weighlevel“, a combination of four medicinal plants used in traditional Arabic and Islamic medicine. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011;2011:874538.18952688

24. Duke J, Bogenschutz-Godwin M, duCellier J, Duke P. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2002.

25. Schimmer O, Häfele F, Krüger A. The mutagenic potencies of plant extracts containing quercetin in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. Mutat Res. 1988;206(2):201-208.3050500

Disclaimer

This information relates to an herbal, vitamin, mineral or other dietary supplement. This product has not been reviewed by the FDA to determine whether it is safe or effective and is not subject to the quality standards and safety information collection standards that are applicable to most prescription drugs. This information should not be used to decide whether or not to take this product. This information does not endorse this product as safe, effective, or approved for treating any patient or health condition. This is only a brief summary of general information about this product. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to this product. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. You should talk with your health care provider for complete information about the risks and benefits of using this product.

This product may adversely interact with certain health and medical conditions, other prescription and over-the-counter drugs, foods, or other dietary supplements. This product may be unsafe when used before surgery or other medical procedures. It is important to fully inform your doctor about the herbal, vitamins, mineral or any other supplements you are taking before any kind of surgery or medical procedure. With the exception of certain products that are generally recognized as safe in normal quantities, including use of folic acid and prenatal vitamins during pregnancy, this product has not been sufficiently studied to determine whether it is safe to use during pregnancy or nursing or by persons younger than 2 years of age.

Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health

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ALCHEMILLA VULGARIS L. KAO POTENCIJALNI IZVOR PRIRODNIH ANTIOKSIDANATA

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Effect of Alchemilla vulgaris extract on the structure and function of erythrocyte membranes during experimental arterial hypertension.

Plotnikov MB, Aliev OI, Andreeva VY, Vasil’ev AS, Kalinkina GI.

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Lady’s Mantle

Botanical: Alchemilla vulgaris (LINN.)

Family: N.O. Rosaceae

Description

Part Used Medicinally

Medicinal Action and Uses

Other Species

 —Synonyms—

Lion’s Foot. Bear’s Foot. Nine Hooks. Leontopodium. Stellaria

(French) Pied-de-lion.

(German) Frauenmantle.

—Parts Used—

Herb, root.

—Habitat—

The Lady’s Mantle and the Parsley Piert, two small, inconspicuous plants, have considerable reputation as herbal remedies. They both belong to the genus Alchemilla of the great order Rosaceae, most of the members of which are natives of the American Andes, only a few being found in Europe, North America and Northern and Western Asia. In Britain, we have only three species, Alchemilla vulgaris, the Common Lady’s Mantle, A. arvensis, the Field Lady’s Mantle or Parsley Piert, and A. alpina, less frequent and only found in mountainous districts.

The Common Lady’s Mantle is generally distributed over Britain, but more especially in the colder districts and on high-lying ground, being found up to an altitude of 3,600 feet in the Scotch Highlands. It is not uncommon in moist, hilly pastures and by streams, except in the south-east of England, and is abundant in Yorkshire, especially in the Dales. It is indeed essentially a plant of the north, freely found beyond the Arctic circle in Europe, Asia and also in Greenland and Labrador, and only on high mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas, if found in southern latitudes.

The plant is of graceful growth and though only a foot high and green throughout- flowers, stem and leaves alike, and therefore inconspicuous – the rich form of its foliage and the beautiful shape of its clustering blossoms make it worthy of notice.

—Description—

The rootstock is perennialblack, stout and short – and from it rises the slender erect stem. The whole plant is clothed with soft hairs. The lower, radical leaves, large and handsome, 6 to 8 inches in diameter, are borne on slender stalks, 6 to 18 inches long and are somewhat kidneyshaped in general outline, with their margins cut into seven or mostly nine broad, but shallow lobes, finely toothed at the edges, from which it has obtained one of its local names: ‘Nine Hooks.’ The upper leaves are similar and either stalkless, or on quite short footstalks and are all actually notched and toothed. A noticeable feature is the leaflike stipules, also toothed, which embrace the stem.

The flowers, which are in bloom from June to August, are numerous and small, only about 1/8 inch in diameter, yellow-green in colour, in loose, divided clusters at the end of the freely-branching flower-stems, each on a short stalk, or pedicle. There are no petals, the calyx is four-cleft, with four conspicuous little bracteoles that have the appearance of outer and alternate segments of the calyx. There are four stamens, inserted on the mouth of the calyx, their filaments jointed.

The rootstock is astringent and edible and the leaves are eaten by sheep and cattle.

The common name, Lady’s Mantle (in its German form, Frauenmantle), was first bestowed on it by the sixteenth-century botanist, Jerome Bock, always known by the Latinized version of his name: Tragus. It appears under this name in his famous History of Plants, published in 1532, and Linnaeus adopted it. In the Middle Ages, this plant had been associated, like so many flowers, with the Virgin Mary (hence it is Lady’s Mantle, not Ladies’ Mantle), the lobes of the leaves being supposed to resemble the scalloped edges of a mantle. In mediaeval Latin we also find it called Leontopodium (lion’s foot), probably from its spreading root-leaves, and this has become in modern French, Pied-de-lion. We occasionally find the same idea expressed in two English local names, ‘Lion’s foot’ and ‘Bear’s foot.’ It has also been called ‘Stellaria,’ from the radiating character of its lower leaves, but this belongs more properly to quite another group of plants, with star-like blossoms of pure white.

A yellow fungus sometimes attacks the plant known as Uromyces alchemillae, and has the curious effect of causing abnormal length of the leaf-stalk and rendering the blade of the leaf smaller and of a paler green colour; this fungus produces the same effect in other plants.

The generic name Alchemilla is derived from the Arabic word, Alkemelych (alchemy), and was bestowed on it, according to some old writers, because of the wonder-working powers of the plant. Others held that the alchemical virtues lay in the subtle influence the foliage imparted to the dewdrops that lay in its furrowed leaves and in the little cup formed by its joined stipules, these dewdrops constituting part of many mystic potions.

—Part Used Medicinally—

The whole herb, gathered in June and July when in flower and when the leaves are at their best, and dried.

The root is sometimes also employed, generally fresh.

—Medicinal Action and Uses—

The Lady’s Mantle has astringent and styptic properties, on account of the tannin it contains. It is ‘of a very drying and binding character’ as the old herbalists expressed it, and was formerly considered one of the best vulneraries or wound herbs.

Culpepper says of it:

‘Lady’s Mantle is very proper for inflamed wounds and to stay bleeding, vomitings, fluxes of all sorts, bruises by falls and ruptures. It is one of the most singular wound herbs and therefore highly prized and praised, used in all wounds inward and outward, to drink a decoction thereof and wash the wounds therewith, or dip tents therein and put them into the wounds which wonderfully drieth up all humidity of the sores and abateth all inflammations thereof. It quickly healeth green wounds, not suffering any corruption to remain behind and cureth old sores, though fistulous and hollow.’

In modern herbal treatment, it is employed as a cure for excessive menstruation and is taken internally as an infusion 1 OZ. of the dried herb to 1 pint of boiling water) in teacupful doses as required and the same infusion is also employed as an injections.

A strong decoction of the fresh root, by some considered the most valuable part of the plant, has also been recommended as excellent to stop all bleedings, and the root dried and reduced to powder is considered to answer the same purpose and to be good for violent purgings.

In Sweden, a tincture of the leaves has been given in cases of spasmodic or convulsive diseases, and an old authority states that if placed under the pillow at night, the herb will promote quiet sleep.

Fluid extract, dose, 1/2 to 1 drachm.

Horses and sheep like the plant, and it has therefore been suggested as a profitable fodder plant, but the idea has proved unpractical. Grazing animals will not eat the leaves till the moisture in them is dissipated.

—Other Species—

Alchemilla alpine, a mountain variety,found on the banks of Scotch rivulets. The leaves are deeply divided into five oblong leaflets and are thickly covered with lustrous silky hairs. A form of this plant in which the leaflets are connate for one-third of their length is known as A. conjuncta.

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Pyrogallol induces G2-M arrest in human lung cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth in an animal model.

Yang CJ, Wang CS, Hung JY, Huang HW, Chia YC, Wang PH, Weng CF, Huang MS.

Abstract

Pyrogallol, a catechin compound, is an active component of Emblica officinalis extracts and has an anti-proliferative effect on some human cancer cell lines. In our preliminary study, pyrogallol had highly cytotoxic effect on human lung cancer cell lines and less effect on human bronchial epithelium cell line. This study was performed to investigate the beneficial effect of pyrogallol on human lung cancer cell lines – H441 (lung adenocarcinoma) and H520 (lung squamous cell carcinoma). The MTT (cytotoxic) data showed the inhibition growth of lung cancer cells followed pyrogallol treatment. The cell cycle of lung cancer cells was arrested in G2/M phase using flow cytometry. Using Western blot analysis, the cell cycle related proteins – cyclin B1 and Cdc25c were decreased in a time-dependent manner and the phosphorylated Cdc2 (Thr14) was increased within 4h pyrogallol treatment. Moreover, the higher cleavage of poly (ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP), the increased of Bax concurrent with the decreased of Bcl-2 indicated that pyrogallol treatment resulted in apoptosis of lung cancer cells. The cell apoptosis was also directly demonstrated using Annexin V-FITC and TUNEL stain. Additionally, the tumoricidal effect of pyrogallol was measured using a xenograft nude mice model. After 5 weeks of pyrogallol treatment could cause the regression of tumor. Taken in vitro and in vivo studies together, these results suggest that pyrogallol can be developed as a promising anti-lung cancer drug particular for the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

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(Alchemilla vulgaris L. or A. xanthochlora Rothm.)
L’alchémille est une plante médicinale convenant particulièrement aux femmes puisqu’elle aide à lutter tant contre les règles douloureuses ou trop abondantes que contre les syndromes prémenstruels ou encore les affections vaginales comme les pertes blanches. Anti-diarrhéique, cette plante vivace de la famille des rosacées peut également être utilisée en cas de diarrhée bénigne.

alchemilleNoms scientifiques : Alchemilla vulgaris L , Alchemilla xanthrochlora

Noms communs : pied de lion, plante des alchimistes, manteau de Notre-Dame, patte de lapin, porte rosée, pied de griffon

Noms anglais : lady’s mantle , bear’s foot , lion’s foot

Classification botanique : famille des rosacées ( Rosaceae )

Formes et préparations : infusions, décoctions, extraits liquides, teintures

Propriétés médicinales de l’alchémille

UTILISATION INTERNE

Antidiarrhéique : l’alchémille est indiquée dans le cas de diarrhée bénigne, notamment chez la femme enceinte. Astringente et calmante : elle aide à atténuer les douleurs des règles tout comme les troubles gastro-intestinaux. Elle est également utile pour faire face au syndrome prémenstruel et aider à régulariser les règles. Antioxydante : les flavonoïdes présents dans l’alchémille aident à maintenir une bonne circulation sanguine. Cicatrisante : l’alchémille arrête les hémorragies, notamment celles dues à des règles trop abondantes, au moment de la préménopause par exemple.

UTILISATION EXTERNE En utilisation externe, de par ses propriétés décongestionnantes , l’alchémille est conseillée pour soulager les personnes ayant les jambes lourdes, mais aussi pour traiter des affections vaginales telles que les pertes blanches. Prise en bain de bouche, elle aide également à maintenir une bonne hygiène buccale.

INDICATIONS THÉRAPEUTIQUES USUELLES L’alchémille peut être utilisée en cas de diarrhée bénigne, de troubles gastro-intestinaux et, surtout, de troubles gynécologiques, qu’il s’agisse de douleurs des règles, de syndrome prémenstruel, d’affections vaginales comme les pertes blanches. Elle aide également à soulager les personnes ayant les jambes lourdes et les chevilles gonflées, ainsi qu’à entretenir l’hygiène buccale et à soigner les aphtes.

AUTRES INDICATIONS THÉRAPEUTIQUES DÉMONTRÉES De par sa forte teneur en tanins, l’alchémille aide à la cicatrisation des plaies et ulcères cutanés. En compresse, elle lutte contre la cellulite et s’avère aussi efficace contre les vergetures. Parmi les autres vertus reconnues à l’alchémille, notons qu’elle est utile en cas d’angine, de céphalées et pour les personnes souffrant de rhumatismes.

Histoire de l’utilisation de l’alchémille en phytothérapie L’alchémille doit son nom aux alchimistes qui considéraient la rosée de ses feuilles comme une eau céleste indispensable à la préparation de la pierre philosophale. Au Moyen Age, cette plante était déjà utilisée en phytothérapie, mais elle était alors censée… redonner leur virginité aux femmes et de l’éclat aux seins flétris. C’est d’ailleurs de là que vient son nom de „lady’s mantle“ (manteau de dame), puisque la plante était connue pour raffermir les tissus de l’appareil génital féminin en enveloppant celui-ci tel un manteau.

L’alchémille apparaît en 1570 dans un traité d’Andrés Laguna de Segovia, un médecin, pharmacologue et botaniste espagnol qui la recommande en infusion pour soigner les fêlures et fractures chez les bébés et les jeunes enfants, mais aussi en poudre associée à du vin rouge pour soigner toutes sortes de blessures. C’est en fait au début du XXe siècle que le prêtre et herboriste suisse Johann Künzle a démontré son utilité dans le soulagement des douleurs prémenstruelles, mais aussi dans la préparation de l’accouchement.

Description botanique de l’alchémille Plante vivace originaire d’Europe et d’Amérique du Nord, l’alchémille pousse dans de nombreux milieux, des bois aux pâturages humides, des prés aux montagnes, en passant bien sûr par les massifs de nos jardins. Il existe en fait plus de cinquante espèces d’alchémille. Celle qui est couramment utilisée en phytothérapie est l’alchémille commune, autrement appelée alchémille vulgaire ( Alchemilla vulgaris ). Sa tige vert clair aux reflets rougeâtres mesure de 10 à 30 centimètres. Ses feuilles duveteuses ont une forme circulaire et sont constituées de sept à onze lobes dentelés. La floraison de l’alchémille se déroule entre mai et octobre, période au cours de laquelle la plante produit de petites fleurs d’une couleur jaune virant vers le vert.

Composition de l’alchémille

PARTIES UTILISÉES En phytothérapie, on utilise les feuilles de l’alchémille, mais sans leurs pétioles.

PRINCIPES ACTIFS L’alchémille contient des tanins galliques, qui aident à stopper les hémorragies, mais aussi des flavonoïdes, aux propriétés antioxydantes et anti-inflammatoires, de l’acide salicylique, des phytostérols, des saponines ainsi que des acides palmitique et stéarique.

Utilisation et posologie de l’alchémille

DOSAGE En usage interne, l’alchémille est principalement consommée en infusion : de 2 à 4,5 grammes de feuilles séchées infusées dans 200 ml d’eau vont permettre de fabriquer une tisane dont on peut boire de deux à trois tasses par jour pour stopper une diarrhée bénigne ou soulager des règles douloureuses. En décoction, à raison de deux à quatre tasses par jour de 7 g de feuilles séchées dans 200 ml d’eau, l’alchémille pare aux troubles gynécologiques.

En usage externe, l’alchémille peut être utilisée en bain de siège, en gargarisme ou simplement être mêlée à l’eau du bain (en cas de lourdeurs dans les jambes par exemple). Dans ce cas, la posologie est de 50 g de parties aériennes séchées infusées dans un litre d’eau.

Précautions d’emploi de l’alchémille Du fait de son action poche de la progestérone, l’alchémille doit être utilisée avec beaucoup de précaution par toutes les personnes prenant un contraceptif oral.

CONTRE-INDICATIONS L’alchémille est contre-indiquée aux personnes souffrant de gastrite ou d’ ulcère gastro-duodénal.

EFFETS INDÉSIRABLES En raison de sa forte teneur en tanins, l’alchémille est susceptible de favoriser la constipation si elle est absorbée à fortes doses ou durant une période prolongée.

INTERACTIONS AVEC DES PLANTES MÉDICINALES OU DES COMPLÉMENTS Associée à certaines plantes, l’alchémille peut favoriser la perte de poids.

INTERACTIONS AVEC DES MÉDICAMENTS Pas d’interaction connue.

Avis du médecin

LES BIENFAITS DE L’ALCHÉMILLE L’alchémille est une plante typiquement destinée aux femmes puisqu’elle va aider à soulager des troubles tels que les affections gynécologiques ou les douleurs dues aux règles. Son action dite “ progesterone-like „, c’est-à-dire proche de la progestérone, donc hormonale, en fait un très bon remède contre les syndromes prémenstruels, mais aussi lors de la préménopause, en cas de règles abondantes ou de cycles irréguliers. Prise en infusion, l’alchémille peut tout autant soigner une diarrhée bénigne chez une femme enceinte. Ses propriétés scientifiquement reconnues en font l’une des plantes médicinales idéales pour les femmes.

AVERTISSEMENT Il est important d’utiliser l’alchémille aux doses recommandées, sous peine de souffrir ensuite de constipation. En cas de persistance des symptômes, de douleurs gynécologiques ou de diarrhées importantes, il est nécessaire de consulter son médecin traitant. L’alchémille ne remplace en aucun cas un antibiotique, par exemple.

La recherche sur l’alchémille L’alchémille a vu ses propriétés scientifiquement reconnues puisqu’elle fait partie des plantes médicinales inscrites à la pharmacopée française, c’est-à-dire dont la vente libre est autorisée par le Code de la Santé publique, en l’occurrence „en l’état“ pour l’alchémille, et ce, depuis 2008. L’alchémille fait plus précisément partie de la liste A, laquelle regroupe les plantes médicinales traditionnellement utilisées.

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Delovanje i upotreba:
ovo je izrazito taninska biljka koja se u prvom redu kroz stoleća koristila kao biljka za rane (obične rane, zagnojenja, čireve ili kod vađenja zuba). Snažno je protivupalna biljka za sve ženske bolesti (pogotovo vezane uz matericu) te razne vrste krvarenja. Zbog obilja tanina koristi se i kod retke stolice (pogotovo ako je krvava). Deluje kao regulator hormona, biljka potiče rast progesterona.

Upozorenje:
obilje tanina ima svoje prednosti ali i mane. Osobe koje imaju komplikacija za žuči, želucom i jetrom trebaju jako paziti na dozu koju uzimaju ( šolja čaja takvim ljudima može pasti kao „težak kamen na želudac“ ali to isto čini i jetri). Naravno trudnice i dojilje trebaju je uzimati u kontroliranim dozama, oprez je potreban i kod ljudi koji uzimaju sredstva protiv zgrušavanja krvi (srčani bolesnici i hipertoničari, pogotovo ako su na Maravinu). Vrkuta može kod vrlo osjetljivih ljudi preterano stegnuti stolicu ( u tu svrhu se vrlo često koristi kod proliva kod male dece). Kako deluje na mišiće materice (iako se najčešće koristi baš za te namene) uveliko prekomerna doza može izazvati neželjene posledice u vidu osjećaja „stegnutosti“, pritiska genitalnih organa.

Načini primene:
vrkuta je vrlo ljekovita biljka, pogotovo je vrlo lekovita za cijeli niz ženskih problema.kao tintura, prašak ili ekstrakt (on se najviše koristi kod pripreme lekovitih biljnih vaginaleta).

Biljka za žene: stolećima se vrkuta uspešno koristila za poteškoće vezane uz menopauzu, mentruacijske probleme (regulira mesečnicu, uravnotežuje hormone, pogotovo deluje kod prevelikih krvarenja i bolnih menstruacija), olakšava porod, deluje kao pomoć (oralna primjena ali i vaginalno ispiranje) kod raznih vrsta iscedaka i belog pranja.
Njena najveća primena je u „davanju tonusa“„preslaboj“ materici ( jača zid materice). Tako na neki način (uslovno rečeno) „štiti“ od pobačaja i olakšava porod. U tu svrhu koriste je žene koje su imale spontane pobačaje, „nisku“ matericu ili „nisko nose“.
Iako se danas vrkuta ne istražuje puno ( niti približno dovoljno s obziroma na delovanja koja joj pripisuje tradicionalna medicina) neka novija istaraživanja govore u prilog tome da vrkuta deluje povoljno i kod obolenja kojima su uzrok virusi. Ako to povežemo sa njenom tradicionalnom upotrebom kod oboljenja materice (snažno regenerira i tonizira) ali i vrlo delotvornog delovanja na rane, dolazimo do toga da je ovu biljku kao potrebnu pripomoć korisno koristiti kod obolenja kojima je uzrok HPV.
U tu svrhu vrlo je je uputno kombinirati sa konopljikom (Vitex agnus castus) ali tada se obavezno morate konsultovati sa fitoaromaterapeutom jer iako ova kombinacija vrlo snažno deluje na imunitet genitalnog područja isto tako snažno deluje i na hormone ( a to nije područje gde želite sami prepisivati terapiju)
Njena duža upotreba ( kombinirana sa drugim biljnim preparatima) nikako neće odmoći ali će vrlo moguće pomoći podignuti „imunitet“ tretiranog područja.

Novija istaraživanja također potvrđuju njeno antibiotsko, protivbakterijsko i protivgljivično delovanje. Celi spektar njenog delovanja još nije do kraja otkriven ali ova biljka koja „čini čuda protiv neplodnosti“ još iznenađuje. Tako su npr. japanski naučnici otkrili da jedinjenje agrimonin koju sadrži vrkuta zaustavlja rast raka dojke.

Uopšteno vrkuta je biljka broj jedan koje se trebamo setiti kod gljivičnih, bakterijskih i virusnih upala tela a pogotovo genitalnog područja, kod pms-a, mioma, hormonalnih poremećaja, tegoba sa menopauzom, menstrualnih bolova i prejake menstruacije, „slabe“ i „bolesne, ispadajuće“ materice, a učiniti će i pozitivni pomak kod endometrioze. Ovo je zaista predragocena biljka za zdravlje žene. I za kraj nešto možda interesantno: vrkuta je stolećima bila tajno sredstvo za dugotrajno mršavljenje.

Lady’s Mantle (Alchemillae herba) Published September 18, 1986.

List of German Commission E Monographs (Phytotherapy)